D-amino-acid oxidase; DAAO (DAO DAMOX)

Function

• catalyzes oxidation of neutral & basic D-amino acids into their corresponding keto acids
• regulates level of the neuromodulator D-serine in the brain
• has high activity towards D-DOPA & contributes to dopamine synthesis
• could act as a detoxifying agent which removes D-amino acids accumulated during aging
• acts on a variety of D-amino acids with a preference for those having small hydrophobic side chains followed by those bearing polar, aromatic, & basic groups
• does not act on acidic amino acids

Cofactor: FAD

D-amino acid + H2O + O2 = a 2-oxo acid + NH3 + H2O2

Kinetic parameters:

• KM=3.6 mM for D-serine
• KM=1.7 mM for D-proline
• KM=1.1 mM for D-tyrosine
• KM=1.5 mM for D-DOPA
• KM=1.2 mM for D-phenylalanine
• KM=0.9 mM for D-alanine

Structure

• homodimer
• belongs to the DAMOX/DASOX family

Compartment

peroxisome

More general terms

• amino-acid oxidoreductase
• flavoprotein

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=1610
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:1610
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/124050
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P14920.html