anti-cardiolipin antibody

Etiology

• low titers are common in asymptomatic individuals
  • may be associated with prior infections
    • syphilis
• associated with hypercoagulable states
  • venous thrombosis
    • deep venous thrombosis (DVT)
    • pulmonary embolus (PE)
    • inferior vena cava (IVC) syndrome
    • Budd Chiari syndrome
    • intracranial vein thrombosis
    • renal vein thrombosis
    • retinal vein thrombosis
  • arterial thrombosis
    • coronary arteries
    • carotid arteries
    • cerebral arteries
    • vertebrobasilar insufficiency
  • early coronary artery disease
  • livedo reticularis
  • ischemic strokes
  • transient ischemic attacks
  • seizures
  • Guillain-Barre syndrome
  • optic neuritis
  • connective tissue diseases
    • systemic lupus erythematosus
    • rheumatoid arthritis
    • systemic sclerosis

Epidemiology

• 5 times more common than lupus anticoagulant
• 5-7% of normal people (low titer)

Complications

• recurrent miscarriage
  • 50-75% risk of fetal loss
    • treatment may decrease risk to 20%

Management

see antiphospholipid syndrome

More general terms

• autoantibody

More specific terms

• anti-cardiolipin antibodies IgA/IgG/IgM
• anti-cardiolipin antibodies IgG/IgM
• anti-cardiolipin antibody IgA
• anti-cardiolipin antibody IgG
• anti-cardiolipin antibody IgM

Additional terms

• anti-cardiolipin antibody in serum
• cardiolipin