matrix metalloproteinase-20; matrixin 20; enamel metalloproteinase; enamelysin (MMP20)

Function

• degrades amelogenin, aggrecan & COMP (cartilage oligomeric matrix protein)
• may play a role in tooth enamel formation
• autoactivates at least at the 107-Asn-|-Tyr-108 site
• cleaves aggrecan at the 360-Asn-|-Phe-361 site

Cofactor:

• binds 2 Zn+2 per subunit (putative)
• Ca+2 (putative)

Structure

• the conserved Cys present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic Zn+2, thus inhibiting the enzyme
• dissociation of Cys from Zn+2 upon activation- peptide release activates the enzyme
• belongs to the peptidase M10A family
• contains 4 hemopexin-like domains

Compartment

• secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix (putative)

Expression

expressed specifically in the enamel organ

Pathology

• defects in MMP20 are a cause of amelogenesis imperfecta pigmented hypomaturation type

More general terms

• matrixin or matrix metalloproteinase

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=9313
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:9313
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/204700
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/604629
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O60882.html