alcohol dehydrogenase class-3; alcohol dehydrogenase-3; alcohol dehydrogenase-5; alcohol dehydrogenase class chi chain; S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase; glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase; FDH (ADH5, ADHX, ADH3)

Function

• remarkably ineffective in oxidizing ethanol
• readily catalyzes oxidation of long-chain primary alcohols & oxidation of S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione
• specificity for complex alcohols of high MW such as cinnamyl alcohol
• only ADH isozyme in brain
• oxidzes ethanol poorly
• function unknown

an alcohol + NAD+ <--> an aldehyde or ketone + NADH

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione + NAD+/NADP+
            <-->
S-formylglutathione + NADH/NADPH

Cofactor: binds 2 Zn+2 per subunit

Structure

• homodimer
• belongs to the Zn+2-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family, class-3 subfamily

Compartment

cytoplasm

Notes

• there are 7 different ADH isozymes in human:
  • 3 belong to class-1: alpha, beta, & gamma
  • 1 belongs to class-2: pi
  • 1 belongs to class-3: chi (ADH5)
  • 1 belongs to class-4: ADH7
  • 1 belongs to class-5: ADH6

More general terms

• alcohol dehydrogenase (aldehyde reductase)
• phosphoprotein
• human longevity protein

Database

• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P11766.html
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:128
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/103710
• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=128