JVP a-wave
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Etiology
large a-wave:
- tricuspid stenosis
- right ventricular hypertrophy
- pulmonary hypertension
- pulmonic stenosis
- restrictive cardiomyopathy
More general terms
References
- ↑ Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 13th ed. Companion Handbook, Isselbacher et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1995, pg 326
- ↑ Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed) Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 37
- ↑ Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 14 American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2006