heat injury; heat stress; heat illness

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Introduction

Occurs when the body is unable to maintain cooling due to environmental temperature & humidity.

Epidemiology

Management

  • planning for periods of extreme heat & targeting interventions to vulnerable populations may reduce heat-related deaths[2]
  • electric fans of little to no benefit for the elderly in hot environment (42 C, 108 F) & may be harmful[5]

More general terms

More specific terms

Additional terms

References

  1. Saunders Manual of Medical Practice, Rakel (ed), WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1996, pg 1178-80
  2. 2.0 2.1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Heat-Related Deaths After an Extreme Heat Event -- Four States, 2012, and United States, 1999-2009. MMWR. June 7, 2013 / 62(22);433-436 http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6222a1.htm
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Gasparrini A et al Mortality risk attributable to high and low ambient temperature: a multicountry observational study. Lancet. May 20, 2015 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26003380 <Internet> http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736%2814%2962114-0/abstract
    Dear K, Wang Z Climate and health: mortality attributable to heat and cold. Lancet. May 20, 2015 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26003381 <Internet> http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736%2815%2960897-2/abstract
  4. Atha WF Heat-related illness. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2013 Nov;31(4):1097-108. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24176481
  5. 5.0 5.1 Gagnon D et al Cardiac and Thermal Strain of Elderly Adults Exposed to Extreme Heat and Humidity With and Without Electric Fan Use. JAMA. 2016;316(9):989-991 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27599335 <Internet> http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2547743
  6. Semenovskaya Z, Wiener S Burning Up? A Guide to Treating Heat Illness. Medscape. Aug 18, 2020 https://reference.medscape.com/slideshow/heat-illness-6004448
  7. Gauer R, Meyers BK. Heat-related illnesses. Am Fam Physician. 2019 99(8):482-489 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30990296 Free article. Review.
  8. 8.0 8.1 Grant K Does Extreme Heat Prompt More Mental Health-Related ED Visits? Sky-high temps were an external stressor across a variety of mental health conditions. MedPage Today February 23, 2022 https://www.medpagetoday.com/psychiatry/anxietystress/97328
    Nori-Sarma A, Sun S, Sun Y et al Association Between Ambient Heat and Risk of Emergency Department Visits for Mental Health Among US Adults, 2010 to 2019. JAMA Psychiatry. Published online February 23, 2022 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35195664 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/2789481