health insurance

^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

Epidemiology

adults without health insurance with 40% higher relative risk for death than insured adults^[1]
diffucult to prove health insurance lengthens life expectancy^[5]
9.2% of American lack Health insurance in 2015^[4]

average cost of employer-sponsored family health coverage in 2012 is $15,745/year
health insurance costs increased faster than income 2003-2011
- deductables increased more than 2-fold
- employees share of health insurance premiums increased 75%
- median household income increased 10%^[3]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Wilper AP et al Health insurance and mortality in US adults. Am J Public Health 2009 Dec; 99:2289. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19762659
↑ Claxton G et al Health Benefits In 2012: Moderate Premium Increases For Employer-Sponsored Plans; Young Adults Gained Coverage Under ACA Health Affairs <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22968046 <Internet> http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/early/2012/09/07/hlthaff.2012.0708.abstract
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Schoen C et al State Trends in Premiums and Deductibles, 2003-2011: Eroding Protection and Rising Costs Underscore Need for Action. The Commonwealth Fund. Dec 12, 2012 http://www.commonwealthfund.org/Publications/Issue-Briefs/2012/Dec/State-Trends-in-Premiums-and-Deductibles.aspx
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Cohen RA, Martinez M E. Health Insurance Coverage: Early Release of Estimates From the National Health Interview Survey, January-March 2015. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhis/earlyrelease/insur201508.pdf
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Woolhandler S, Himmelstein DU. The Relationship of Health Insurance and Mortality: Is Lack of Insurance Deadly? Ann Intern Med. June 27, 2017 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28655034 <Internet> http://annals.org/aim/article/2635326/relationship-health-insurance-mortality-lack-insurance-deadly