early morning blood pressure surge (EMBPS)
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Introduction
An early morning blood pressure surge of 29/24 mm Hg occurs, that begins before awakening.[1][2]
Etiology
- early morning orthostasis participate in effect
- effect increased by
- atherosclerosis[4], smoking
- alcohol consumption
- longer sleep duration
- later waking times
Epidemiology
- effect is greater in whites than blacks
- not effected by gender, body mass index or duration of hypertension
Complications
- early morning blood pressure surge coincides with peak cardiocascular risk; however, association unclear[3]
More general terms
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Neutel JM et al, Magnitude of the early morning blood pressure surge in untreated hyertensive patients: a pooled analysis. Int J Clin Prac 2008, Sept 15 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18795972
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kario et al, Clinical implication of morning blood pressure surge in hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2003, 42: Suppl 1 S87 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14871036
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ohkubo T et al, Prognostic significance of morning surge in blood pressure: which definition, which outcome? Blood Press Monit 2008, 13:161 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18496293
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kario K, Saito I, Kushiro T et al Morning Home Blood Pressure Is a Strong Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease: The HONEST Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016 Apr 5;67(13):1519-27. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27150682 Free Article