lead [Pb]
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Introduction
From the Anglo-Saxon word for lead, laedan. The symbol Pb is from the Latin word for lead, plumbum. Known to ancient civilizations. Alchemists associated lead with the planet Saturn. They also believed that it could be transformed into gold.
Occurrence
- generally obtained from galena (lead sulfide)
- elemental lead is found infrequently
Characteristics
- bluish white metallic element
- heavy, soft, malleable, ductile plastic but inelastic
- poor conductor of electricity
- very resistant to corrosion
- moderately toxic when ingested (see lead poisoning)
- cumulative toxin
Uses
- pipes
- cable sheaths
- batteries
- solder
- shields against radioactivity
- ammunition
- once used entensively in paints & gasoline, but use has been eliminated because of health hazzards