ipecac (emetine, cephaeline)
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Introduction
Dried root of a shrub found in Brazil (Cephaelis ipecacuanha)
Indications
- used to induce vomiting in the early management of some, but not all, oral drug overdoses & poisoning
Contraindications
- age < 6 months
- absence of gag reflex
- CNS depression or ingestion of CNS depressant
- ingestion of caustic or acidic substance
- NOT recommended for household use[2][3]
Dosage
- give with adequate hydration (give with clear liquid)
- adults & children > 12 years: 30 mL x 1
- children 1-12 years: 15 mL x 1
Pharmacokinetics
- 90% of patients vomit within 30 minutes
- average time to vomiting is 20 minutes
- average duration of action 60 minutes
Adverse effects
Mechanism of action
- acts centrally & locally
- stimulation of the medullary chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ)
- irritates gastric mucosa
- stimulates vomiting
More general terms
Components
References
- ↑ Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs, Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al eds, 1998 Department of Veterans Affairs, VA National Formulary
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Prescriber's Letter 10(12):67 2003
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Journal Watch 23(24):190, 2003 Bond GR, Pediatrics 112:1061, 2003 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14595046 Shannon M, Pediatrics 112:1180, 2003 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14595066 American Academy of Pediatrics Committe on Injury, Violence, & Poison Prevention, Pediatrics 112:1182, 2003 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14595067
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Deprecated Reference