tropicamide (Mydriacyl, Mydriafair)
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Introduction
Tradename: Mydriacyl.
Indications
- mydriasis
- short-acting mydriatic agent used in diagnostic procedures
- treatment of iritis, iridocyclitis & keratitis
- cycloplegia
Dosage
- cycloplegia: 1-2 drops (1%), may repeat in 5 minutes
- mydriasis:
- 1-2 drops (0.5%) 15-20 minutes prior to exam
- may repeat as needed every 30 min
- maximum of 6 hours
- apply finger pressure to the lacrimal sac during & for 1-2 minutes following application to reduce incidence of systemic adverse effects
Ophthalmic: 0.5%, 1% (15 mL).
Pharmacokinetics
- maximal mydriatic effect in 20-40 minutes
- duration of 6-7 hours
- maximal cycloplegia in 20-35 minutes
- duration of action: 50 minutes to 6 hours
Adverse effects
- not common (1-10%)
- tachycardia, vascular congestion, edema, parasympathetic stimulation, drowsiness, headache, eczematoid dermatitis, dryness of the mouth, transient stinging, blurred vision, photophobia with or without corneal staining, increased intraocular pressure, follicular conjunctivitis, photosensitivity
Mechanism of action
- blocks cholinergic stimulation of sphincter muscle of the iris & muscle of the ciliary body
More general terms
Component of
References
- ↑ The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed. Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
- ↑ Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs, Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al eds, 1998 Department of Veterans Affairs, VA National Formulary
- ↑ Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug Formulary, 1998