hormone sensitive lipase (LIPE, HSL)

Function

• in adipose tissue & heart, primarily hydrolyzes stored triglycerides to free fatty acids
• in steroidogenic tissues, principally converts cholesteryl esters to free cholesterol for steroid hormone production
• interacts with PTRF in the adipocyte cytoplasm
• rapidly activated by catecholamines via cAMP-dependent phosphorylation under the influence of catecholamines
• dephosphorylation & inactivation are controlled by insulin
• glycerolipid degradation, triacylglycerol degradation

diacylglycerol + H2O <--> monoacylglycerol + a carboxylate
triacylglycerol + H2O <--> diacylglycerol + a carboxylate
monoacylglycerol + H2O <--> glycerol + a carboxylate

Structure

belongs to the 'GDXG' lipolytic enzyme family

Compartment

• cell membrane, caveola
• cytoplasm, cytosol
• found in the high-density caveolae
• translocates to cytoplasm from caveolae upon insulin stimulation

Alternative splicing

named isoforms=2

More general terms

• lipase
• phosphoprotein
• regulatory molecule

Database

• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q05469.html
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/151750