oxytocin (isoleucyl/leucyl vasopressin)
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Function
- induces labor
- mediates excitatory-inhibitory shift of GABA receptors during delivery[4]
- facilitates the sensation of social stress[3]
- higher plamsa levels are associated with better social functioning[5]
- enhances fear extinction by upregulating the medial prefrontal cortex inhibition of fear responses in the amygdala[2]
Pharmacology
- intranasal oxytocin may improve apathy in patients with probable FTD*
* FTD = frontotemporal dementia
Dosage
- every-day, every-other-day, or every-third-day administration of 72 IU of intranasal oxytocin
More general terms
More specific terms
Additional terms
- oxytocin receptor; OT-R (OXTR)
- oxytocin-neurophysin 1; OT-NPI; contains: oxytocin; neurophysin 1 (OXT, OT)
References
- ↑ The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed. Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Eckstein M et al. Oxytocin facilitates the extinction of conditioned fear in humans. Biol Psychiatry 2014 Oct 29 <PubMed> PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25542304 <Internet> http://www.biologicalpsychiatryjournal.com/article/S0006-3223%2814%2900795-1/abstract
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Eckstein M, Scheele D, Weber K et al Oxytocin facilitates the sensation of social stress. Hum Brain Mapp. 2014 Sep;35(9):4741-50 PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24659430
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Tyzio R et al. Oxytocin-mediated GABA inhibition during delivery attenuates autism pathogenesis in rodent offspring. Science 2014 Feb 7; 343:675 <PubMed> PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24503856 <Internet> http://www.sciencemag.org/content/343/6171/620
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Geller B Does Oxytocin Improve Autism? Physician's First Watch, Nov 16, 2015 David G. Fairchild, MD, MPH, Editor-in-Chief Massachusetts Medical Society http://www.jwatch.org
Parker KJ, Garner JP, Libove RA et al Plasma oxytocin concentrations and OXTR polymorphisms predict social impairments in children with and without autism spectrum disorder. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Aug 19;111(33):12258-63 PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25092315 - ↑ Coleman KKL, Berry S, Cummings J et al. Intranasal oxytocin for apathy in people with frontotemporal dementia (FOXY): A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, adaptive, crossover, phase 2a/2b superiority trial. Lancet Neurol 2025 Feb; 24:128-139. PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39862881