glycogen synthase, muscle (GYS1)

Function

• transfers the glycosyl residue from UDP-Glc to the non- reducing end of alpha-1,4-glucan
• allosteric activation by glucose-6-phosphate
• phosphorylated on 9 Ser by at least 8 different kinases
• phosphorylation reduces the activity towards UDP-glucose
• when in the non-phosphorylated state, glycogen synthase does not require glucose-6-phosphate as an allosteric activator; when phosphorylated it does (putative)
• glycan biosynthesis; glycogen biosynthesis

UDP-glucose + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n)
               <-->
UDP + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n+1)

Structure

• belongs to the mammalian/fungal glycogen synthase family

Pathology

• defects in GYS1 are the cause of muscle glycogen storage disease type 0

More general terms

• glycogen synthase
• phosphoprotein
• oligomerizing protein

Database

• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P13807.html
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:2997
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/138570