adenosine deaminase (adenosine aminohydrolase, ADA)

Function

• deamination of adenosine to inosine
• ADA forms complexes with auxilliary protein, ADA complexing protein-1
• for adenosine deaminases acting on RNA, gene mutations that change guanosine to adenosine may be deaminated to inosine
  • protein synthesis elongation reads inosine as guanosine
• extracellular ADA complexes with CD26

Expression

• expressed in all cells
• highest expression in lymphocytes.

Pathology

• deficiency causes adenosine deaminase deficiency a form of severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)
• in hereditary hemolytic anemia, the level of this enzyme in erythrocytes increases 50-70 times

Polymorphism

• common allele, ADA*2, also known as the ADA 2 allozyme associated with diminished metabolism of adenosine to inosine specifically enhances deep sleep slow-wave activity during sleep

Laboratory

• adenosine deaminase in erythrocytes
• adenosine deaminase in leukocytes
• adenosine deaminase in fibroblasts
• adenosine deaminase in trophoblasts
• adenosine deaminase in chorionic villus
• adenosine deaminase in body fluid
  • adenosine deaminase in blood
  • adenosine deaminase in dried blood spot
  • adenosine deaminase in CSF
  • adenosine deaminase in pericardial fluid
  • adenosine deaminase in peritoneal fluid
  • adenosine deaminase in peritoneal dialysis fluid
  • adenosine deaminase in pleural fluid
  • adenosine deaminase in serum/plasma
  • adenosine deaminase in synovial fluid

More general terms

• nucleoside deaminase

More specific terms

• adenosine deaminase CECR1; adenosine deaminase 2; cat eye syndrome critical region protein 1 (CECR1, ADA2)
• adenosine deaminase complex

Additional terms

• adenosine deaminase-like protein (ADAL)
• tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase

Component of

• adenosine deaminase complex

Database

• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P00813.html
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/102700
• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=100