Indium (111In)-leukocyte scintigraphy

Introduction

A diagnostic imaging test that shows the distribution of radiolabeled leukocytes in the body.

detection of sites of infection/inflammation in patients with fever of unknown origin
survey for site(s) of abscess or infection in a febrile postoperative patient without localizing signs or symptoms. Fluid collections, ileus, bowel gas, fluid, and/or healing wounds reduce the specificity of computed tomography (CT) & ultrasound.
detection of site(s) & extent of inflammatory bowel disease. 99mTc-labeled leukocytes may be preferable for this indication.
detection & follow up osteomyelitis primarily when there is increased bone remodeling secondary to joint prostheses, nonunited fractures, or sites of metallic hardware from prior bone surgery
detection of osteomyelitis in diabetic patients when degenerative or traumatic changes, neuropathic osteo- arthropathy, or prior osteomyelitis have caused increased bone remodeling
detection of osteomyelitis involving the skull in postoperative patients and for follow-up of therapy
detection of mycotic aneurysms, vascular graft infections, & shunt infections

111Indium (111In)-leukocyte scintigraphy is most common.
regional, whole-body, planar, &/or SPECT scintigrams of specific anatomic regions are obtained for suspected infection/inflammation.
gallium scintigraphy is usually preferred in patients with
- neutropenia or
- nonsuppurative or lymphocyte-mediated infections.
99mTc-HMPAO (exametazime)-labeled leukocyte scintigraphy
- option for acute infections, particularly in pediatric patients.