staging of Parkinson's disease (Hoehn-Yahr scale)

Introduction

Hoehn-Yahr staging scale:

• stage 0: no signs of disease

• stage 1:
  • unilateral disease
  • generally minimal or no functional impairment

• stage 2:
  • bilateral or midline involvement
  • no impairment of balance

• stage 3:
  • stage 2 + impaired balance
  • mild postural instablilty
  • 1st sign of impaired righting reflexes
  • unsteadiness as the patient turns

• stage 4:
  • severe disability, still able to walk
  • bilateral disease
  • moderate to marked instability
  • fully developed, severely disabling disease

• stage 5: wheelchair-bound/bedridden

More general terms

• numerical rating scale (NRS)