compensation strategies for patients with Parkinson's disease

Introduction

Compensation stategies:

• external cueing
  • walking to the beat of a metronome
  • wearing vitrating socks
  • stepping over lines
• internal cueing
  • self prompting
  • mental arithmetic
• changing balance requirements
  • shifting weight in place before stepping
  • making wider turns
  • using walking aids
• altering mental state
  • breathing exercises
  • measures to reduce anxiety of fear of falling
• observation & motor imagery
  • mimicking another person walking
  • visualizing the desired movement
• adapting a new walking pattern
  • scissoring
  • lifting knee
  • jumping
  • running
  • walking backward
• other
  • bicycling
  • skateboarding
  • crawling