renal endoscopy with biopsy

Indications

• to determine the etiology & prognosis of patients with > 2 grams/day non-nephrotic range proteinuria
• nephrotic range proteinuria
• microscopic hematuria*
  • glomerulonephritis
• progressive renal insufficiency
• acute renal failure lasting 3-4 weeks
• atypical course of diabetic nephropathy
• undiagnosed systemic disease with renal involvement
• renal transplantation dysfunction
• evaluation of renal neoplasm

More general terms

• renal endoscopy