rectal prolapse; proctoptosis

Introduction

Prolapse or herniation of the rectum.

Classification

• full thickness protrusion of all layers of the rectum through the anus
• prolapse of only a portion of the rectum
• internal prolapse

Clinical manifestations

• concentric rings of the rectum protruding through the anus
• constipation:
  • intermittent obstructed defectation
  • history of chronic straining
  • description of a reddish mass
  • digital "splinting" to defecate
• fecal incontinence
• rectal bleeding
• rectal pain

Management

• medical management in early phases may be useful
  • stool softeners, suppositories
• surgery
  • proctectomy
  • sigmoid resection & rectopexy

More general terms

• prolapse; procidentia
• anorectal disease

Additional terms

• rectocele; proctocele; rectal procidentia