eruptive xanthoma; eruptive xanthelasma

Etiology

• hyperliproteinemia with hypertriglyceridemia
  • hyperlipoproteinemia type 1
  • hyperlipoproteinemia type 3
  • hyperlipoproteinemia type 4
  • hyperlipoproteinemia type 5
• diabetes mellitus type 2 with severe hypertriglyceridemia (xanthoma diabeticorum)

Pathology

• localized lipid deposits

Clinical manifestations

• initially commonly appearing as erythematous papules, on the buttocks & proximal (extensor) regions of the extremities
• onset may be abrupt
• crops of 1-5 mm yellow-orange papules with surrounding erythema on extensor surfaces of the extremities & buttocks
• lesions last several weeks until plasma triglycerides are reduced

* images

Laboratory

• xanthomas appear when plasma triglycerides exceed 2 g/dL

Management

• treat hyperlipidemia
  • usually responds well to triglyceride-lowering treatment
  • complete resolution of the lesions is common
• laser therapy or cyrotherapy

More general terms

• xanthoma

More specific terms

• xanthoma diabeticorum

Additional terms

• hyperlipoproteinemia type 1; familial hyperchylomicronemia